LANGUAGE IN INDIA

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Volume 17:7 July 2017
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
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Phonological Processes in Typically Developing
Tamil Speaking Children

Radhakrishnan Chella Perumal, Vaidyanathan Raghunathan,
Prakash Boominathan and Sreedevi N.

Abstract

Aim of the study was to profile the type and frequency of occurrence of phonological processes in Tamil speaking children. 450 typically developing 2 to 5 year old Tamil speaking children participated in this study. Speech samples of these children were elicited using spontaneous picture naming task. Speech samples were then phonetically transcribed by a qualified speech language pathologist. Transcribed samples were analysed to determine the type and frequency of occurrence of phonological processes. Results of the study revealed occurrence of 15 different types of phonological processes. Frequency of occurrence of all the phonological processes declined as age increased. Most of the processes were suppressed by age of 3 years except cluster reduction and stopping of liquids which persisted beyond 3 years.

Keywords: Phonological processes, typically developing, Tamil

Introduction

Speech Language Pathologists (SLPs) often encounter clinical dilemmas in process of diagnosing speech sound disorders and typical speech language development in children. Literature evidence and knowledge of speech sound acquisition and phonological error patterns guide SLPs in this decision making process. Knowledge of phonological pattern is important for SLPs to estimate if the development of phonological skills of children is in par with age or delayed. Phonological patterns are systematic errors in child’s speech. These error patterns are commonly referred to as phonological processes. Phonological process is a systematic nature of child’s simplifications and restructuring of adult’s words (Macken & Ferguson, 1981).Estimating frequency of occurrence of these phonological processes through phonological process analysis is a recommended procedure for obtaining clear picture of phonological skills in children.

Normative data on phonological error patterns (Hodson & Paden, 1981; Stoel-Gammon & Dunn, 1985; Haelsig & Madison, 1986; Holm & Dodd, 1999; Dodd, Holm, Hua & Crosbie, 2003; Morrow, Goldstein, Gilhool & Paradis, 2014) have been reported in English and other European languages. In India, there have been attempts to explore the frequency of occurrence of phonological processes across different age groups from 2;6 to 6;6 years (Sunil,1998 in Kannada; Ranjan, 2001 in Hindi; Sameer, 1998 in Malayalam, Srilakshmi, 2005 in Telugu, Barathy, 2001; Nisthar, 2005; Sivapriya, Perumal & Savitha, 2009, Jisha, 2009; Venkatesh, Ramsankar, Nagaraja & Srinivasan., 2010; Kala & Lalitha, 2016 in Tamil). Majority of these studies have been carried out on typically developing children. Findings of studies related to Tamil language are described briefly in Table 1.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Radhakrishnan Chella Perumal, M.Sc. (Speech and Hearing)
Corresponding Author
Reader
Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences
Sri Ramachandra University
Porur, Chennai 600 116
Tamilnadu
India
rcperumal@sriramachandra.edu.in

Vaidyanathan Raghunathan, Ph.D. (Linguistics)
Visiting professor (Linguistics)
Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences
Sri Ramachandra University
Porur, Chennai 600 116
Tamilnadu
India
raguvai@yahoo.com

Prakash Boominathan, Ph.D. (Speech Language and Hearing Sciences)
Professor
Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences
Sri Ramachandra University
Porur, Chennai 600 116
Tamilnadu
India
prakash_boominathan@sriramachandra.edu.in

Sreedevi, N., Ph.D. (Speech and Hearing)
Reader and Head
Department of Clinical Services
All India Institute of Speech and Hearing
Mysore 570 006
Karnataka, India
sreedeviaiish@gmail.com

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